Metric Name	Category	Metric Strength	What & Why	Data
Number of kerosene lamps replaced by clean energy (solar system or solar-powered lanterns)	Renewable Energy	Medium	Decrease in GHG emissions is a key metric for the CS Round	• 1 litre of kerosene burnt = 2.5 kg of CO2 • 357 liters of kerosene burnt = 1 tonne of CO2 • Average household* 10 litres burnt/month = 120 litres/year • 3 households = 1 tonne of CO2
Number of diesel generators replaced by clean energy	Renewable Energy	Medium	Decrease in GHG emissions is a key metric for the CS Round	99 gallons of diesel fuel produces 1 tonne of GHG emissions
Number of solar energy projects	Renewable Energy	High	Replacement of what fuel type or new energy that will displace future emissions	GHG emissions dependent on size of projects and what type of energy (present or future) they are replacing
kWh of solar installed	Renewable Energy	High		It takes approximately 2.396 megawatt-hours (MWh) of solar energy generation to displace 1 ton of GHG emissions, assuming the average carbon intensity of electricity generation
Number of people who are now utilizing solar energy to charge their phones & devices	CommunityRenewable Energy	Low	GHG emissions reduced if replacing fossil fuel systems. Future GHG emissions avoided if this is the base starting point	In order to save 1 ton of GHGs, 769 cell phones would need to be charged with solar instead of fossil fuels for a year
Number of people who have accessed skills training at a solar powered community center	CommunityRenewable Energy	Low	The overall worth in terms of GHG emissions avoidance would be a combination of direct reductions from the work that the trained individuals do, indirect reductions from behavior changes, and the reductions associated with using solar power instead of fossil fuels for the operation of the community center.	GHG emissions reduced if replacing fossil fuel systems. Future GHG emissions avoided if this is the base starting point
Number of people who have received digital skills training on computers powered by solar	CommunityRenewable Energy	Low		GHG emissions reduced if replacing fossil fuel systems. Future GHG emissions avoided if this is the base starting point
Number of people who can now access water powered by a solar water pump	CommunityRenewable Energy	Low		GHG emissions reduced if replacing fossil fuel systems. Future GHG emissions avoided if this is the base starting point
Number of schools and/or community centers powered by clean, renewable energy	CommunityRenewable Energy	Medium	GHG emissions reduced if replacing fossil fuel systems. Future GHG emissions avoided if this is the base starting point	Community Center and school GHG emissions could run from 1 ton for basic lighting and power to 90 tons or more for heating/cooling and lighting depending on location and necessity
MWh of solar power produced	Renewable Energy	High	This is equal to 1 REC (1,000 kilowatt hours)	Approximately 2.396 megawatt-hours (MWh) of solar energy generation to displace 1 ton of GHG emissions, assuming the average carbon intensity of electricity generation
Number of homes replacing gas/oil/coal powered furnaces or wood burning stoves with renewable energy	Renewable EnergyBuilt Environment	Medium	This includes electric heat/hot water if it is powered by coal plants rather than renewables	Average GHG emissions for single family homes: • North America – 6 – 11 tons • EU - 3 – 6 tons • UK – 2 -4 tons • Australia – 10 – 13 tons • China - 4- 6 tons • India - 2- 4 tons • Africa – 0 - 4 tons
Total emissions from construction materials and building	Built Environment	Medium	Embodied Carbon arises from the manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal of building materials. Key materials that contribute to embodied carbon include steel, cement, glass, and aluminum, among others.	For a conventional single-family home, the embodied carbon emissions are typically in the range of 50 to 80 metric tons of CO2 equivalent (CO2e).
Number of commercial buildings replacing gas/oil/coal powered furnaces or wood burning stoves with renewable energy	Renewable Energy	Medium	This includes electric heat/hot water if it is powered by coal plants rather than renewables	GHG emissions for commercial buildings depend entirely upon industry and size and could range from 1 or 2 tons for a small store to several thousands tons for a large manufacturing operation
Total CH4 emissions from agricultural activities (ie: livestock)	Regen Ag	Medium	Much of the problem with cows in particular comes from their feed which causes methane burping. Studies have shown that additives can make a huge difference. For example - adding 1% of seaweed to feed can reduce cow methane emissions 70%	1 ton of GHG emissions/year is produced by: • 11 Cows or 200 pigs or 350 chickens
CH4 emissions from landfills averted	Waste	Low		Approximately 8.89 metric tons of plastic would need to be diverted to mitigate 1 metric ton of CO2e emissions.
N2O emissions from agricultural activities (ie fertilizer use, manure management) averted	Regen Ag	Medium	Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural activities primarily result from nitrogen fertilizer use and manure management practices. These emissions are a significant driver of climate change.	Agricultural operations avert various amounts of N2O emissions by: • Optimized fertilizer use • Manure management 1. Composting, anaerobic digestion, or covered storage 2. Optimized animal diets • Using cover crops and crop rotation • No-till or reduced tillage • Integrating trees and agroforestry to improve soil structure
Carbon sequestration from regenerated soil	Regen Ag	Medium		Regenerative agriculture practices can sequester on average around 0.4 to 1.2 metric tons of carbon per acre per year
Number of wind turbines installed	Renewable Energy	High	One 1.5 MW turbine could replace the fossil fuel energy of: • 479 houses in the US • 4,380 houses in India One 5 MW turbine could replace the fossil fuel energy of: • 1,437 houses in the US • 13,140 houses in India	GHG emissions/year averted by adding 1 turbine to replace fossil fuel energy : • Coal-fired electricity ◦ 5 MW Wind Turbine: ▪ 5,359.12 metric tons CO2 averted ◦ 5 MW Wind Turbine ▪ 15,767metric tons CO2 averted ◦ Gas-fired electricity ▪ 5 MW Wind Turbine: • 2,365.2 metric tons CO2 averted ▪ 5 MW Wind Turbine • 7,2 metric tons CO2 averted
Number of energy-efficient appliances or devices installed	Energy efficiency	Low	Replacing one appliance makes a very small dent in the overall picture when it comes to GHG emissions however, just like voting, it’s all about how many appliances you replace.	Close to 1 metric ton less of GHG emissions/year would be emitted by upgrading approximately: • 10 refrigerators • 1 washer and dryer set • 25 to 30 dishwashers • 3 - 5 ovens/stoves
Number of electric vehicles (EVs) replacing ICEs	Transportation	High	Reductions in GHG emissions are dependent on where the electricity is coming from. Coal still plays a major role in many countries including China, India, Australia, US, Indonesia, Russian and Japan. Countries that generate most of their electricity from renewables include: • Iceland 100% • Costa Rica 99% • Uruguay 98% • Norway 97% • New Zealand 84% • Denmark 81% • Canada 68% • Sweden 68% • Portugal 61%	• EVs – 0 tonnes of GHGs/year • Hybrids – 2 tonnes of GHGs/year • Regular cars – 4.6 tonnes of GHGs/year • SUVs – 6.5 tonnes of GHGs/year
Number of electric public transportation vehicles replacing ICEs	Transportation	Medium	The actual reduction in GHG emissions would depend on the specific details of the ICE vehicles and the public transportation system. Calculations need to be adjusted based on local data, including the fuel type and/or source of electricity for electric trains/buses, to get a truly accurate estimate.	If one bus replaces 30 ICE cars: - Total car emissions: 30 cars * 4.6 metric tons/year = 138 metric tons/year - Bus emissions (assuming high occupancy and similar mileage): 19.19 metric tons of CO2 per year Total emissions difference is approximately 118.81 metric tons
Number of trees planted	Regen forestryNature based solutions	Medium	Carbon sequestration potential of newly planted forests (in metric tons) Growth rates, survival rates, sequestration of specific species	Dependent on species - ongoing calculations on specific GHG sequestration rates by type in various area of the world
Number of food forests created	Regen AgRegen forestry	Medium
Total forest area protected	Regen forestryNature based solutions	Medium	The amount of (GHG) emissions that old growth and 2nd growth forests can sequester can vary depending on various factors such as climate, soil conditions, species composition, and forest management practices. Protecting forests across different continents is a crucial piece of the puzzle for mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon and helping to offset GHG emissions.	South America: • Old Growth Forests 3 to 7 metric tons (CO2e)/acre/year. • 2nd Growth Forests: 1 to 3 metric tons of CO2e/acre/ year. North America: • Old Growth Forests 2 to 4 metric tons (CO2e)/acre/year. • 2nd Growth Forests: 1 to 3 metric tons of CO2e/acre/ year. Asia/Africa: • Old Growth Forests 1.5 to 3.5 metric tons (CO2e)/acre/year. • 2nd Growth Forests: 1 to 2.5 metric tons of CO2e/acre/ year. Europe: • Old Growth Forests 1.5 to 3 metric tons (CO2e)/acre/year. • 2nd Growth Forests: 1 to 2 metric tons of CO2e/acre/ year.
Ocean carbon sequestration through mangroves	Nature based solutionscarbon sequestration	High		Mangroves sequester CO2 at a rate of 2-4 metric tons of CO2 per hectare per year. The total carbon stock (carbon already sequestered) in mangrove forests can range from 200 to over 1,000 metric tons of carbon per hectare (t C/ha) when considering both above-ground and below-ground biomass. While the above-ground biomass is easier to measure, the majority of the carbon in mangrove ecosystems is often stored in the anoxic (oxygen-free) soils beneath them, which can preserve carbon-rich organic materials for millennia.
Ocean carbon sequestration through kelp, seagrass, and seaweed photosynthesis	Nature based solutionscarbon sequestration	High		• Coastal vegetated habitats (seagrass for example) can sequester between 2 to 4.5 metric tons of carbon per hectare per year. • Kelp forests can capture 3.6 metric tons of carbon per hectare during a typical growing season. Kelp is one of the fastest growing plants in the world (up to 2 feet/day)
Ocean carbon sequestration through carbonate mineralization (ie restoration of coral reefs, growth of mollusks : mussels, clams, oysters etc. and foraminifera)	carbon sequestrationNature based solutions	Medium		Oyster reefs can sequester carbon at a rate of approximately 1 metric ton of carbon per acre per year. Mussels and clams have similar rates of carbon sequestration.
Ocean carbon sequestration through phytoplankton (single cell algae that convert CO2 to organics and regulate climate) achieved through reduction of ag runoff, creating marine protected areas and reducing habitat destruction	Regen AgNature based solutionscarbon sequestration	Medium	By reducing agricultural runoff and mitigating nutrient pollution, it is possible to regulate and optimize the growth of phytoplankton in a way that maximizes carbon sequestration while minimizing harmful algal blooms.
Supply chain optimization, sustainable sourcing, and circular economy initiatives.	Supply chain	High	Supply chain optimization plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions as it can lead to more efficient operations, reduced waste, and lower energy consumption.	The potential carbon emissions reductions through supply chain optimization can vary depending on the specific strategies implemented and the industry in question however up to 50% of supply chain emissions could potentially be cut through optimization.
Number of public education projects about climate change initiated	CommunityActivismEducation	High	Measuring the impact of community engagement campaigns on climate change involves assessing various indicators through: • Surveys and Feedback • Behavior Change • Individual Carbon Footprint Reduction • Participation Rates • Policy Influence • Awareness and Education • Social Media and Website Analytics
Carbon budgets, Climate Action Plans, Carbon Accounting Actions initiated	CommunityEducation	Medium
Number of legal suits initiated around climate activism or legislation	CommunityActivism	Medium
Climate legislature passed	CommunityActivism	High
Number of individuals trained in Agroforestry, Permaculture, Regenerative Agriculture, etc.	RegenEducation	Medium
Number of schools and students enrolled in climate literacy/solar energy education project	CommunityRenewable EnergyEducation	Low
Number of carbon offset projects implemented	Carbon offsetting	Low
Total emissions offset (in tonnes of CO2-equivalent)	Carbon offsetting	Low